TUGAS
KELOMPOK
PENGANTAR TELEMATIKA
PENGANTAR TELEMATIKA
“PENGGUNAAN TELEMATIKA
PADA NEGARA BERKEMBANG VANUATU”
Disusun
Oleh :
Anggota
Kelompok 4KA08 :
1.
M.
Fuadi Naqi (15113934)
2.
Syarief
Hidayah (18113748)
3.
Yusuf
Effendi (19113614)
SISTEM
INFORMASI
FAKULTAS
ILMU KOMPUTER & TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI
UNIVERSITAS
GUNADARMA
A. Pengertian
Telematika
Sebelum
kita membahas penggunaan Telematika dalam Negara Berkembang yang akan kita
analisa yaitu Negara Vanuatu mari kita pahami terlebih dahulu apa yang dimaksud
dengan Telematika.
Telematika
adalah singkatan dari Telekomunikasi dan Informatika. Telematika merupakan
adopsi dari bahasa Prancis yang sebenarnya adalah “TELEMATIQUE” yang kurang
lebih dapat diartikan sebagai bertemunya sistem jaringan komunikasi dengan
teknologi informasi. Pertama kali istilah Telematika digunakan di Indonesia
adalah pada perubahan pada nama salah satu laboratorium telekomunikasi di ITB
pada tahun 1978. Cikal bakal Laboratorium Telematika berawal pada tahun
1960-an. Sempat berganti-ganti nama mulai dari Laboratorium Switching lalu
Laboratorium Telekomunikasi Listrik. Seiring perjalanan waktu dan tajamnya visi
para pendiri, pada tahun 1978 dilakukan lagi perubahan nama menjadi
Laboratorium Telematika. Ketika itu, nama Telematika tidak sepopuler seperti
sekarang. Pada tahun 1978 itulah, di Indonesia, istilah Telematika pertama kali
dipakai. Para praktisi mengatakan bahwa TELEMATICS merupakan perpaduan dari dua
kata yaitu dari “TELECOMMUNICATION and INFORMATICS” yang merupakan perpaduan
konsep Computing and Communication. Istilah telematika juga dikenal sebagai
“the new hybrid technology” karena lahir dari perkembangan teknologi digital.
Dalam wikipedia disebutkan bahwa Telematics juga sering disebut dengan ICT
(Information and Communications Technology). Salah satu milis internet
Indonesia terbesar adalah milis Telematika. Dari milis inipun tidak ada
penjelasan mengapa milis ini bernama telematika, yang jelas arsip pertama kali
tercatat dikirimkan pada tanggal 15 Juli 1999. Dari hasil pencarian di arsip
mailing list Telematika saya menemukan salah satu ulir diskusi menarik
(membutuhkan login) tentang penamaan Telematika yang dikirimkan oleh Paulus
Bambang Wirawan.
Istilah
telematika sering dipakai untuk beberapa macam bidang, sebagai contoh adalah:
1. Integrasi
antara sistem telekomunikasi dan informatika yang dikenal sebagai Teknologi
Komunikasi dan Informatika atau ICT (Information and Communications
Technology). Secara lebih spesifik, ICT merupakan ilmu yang berkaitan dengan
pengiriman, penerimaan dan penyimpanan informasi dengan menggunakan peralatan
telekomunikasi.
2. Secara
umum, istilah telematika dipakai juga untuk teknologi Sistem
Navigasi/Penempatan Global atau GPS (Global Positioning System) sebagai bagian
integral dari komputer dan teknologi komunikasi berpindah (mobile communication
technology).
3. Secara
lebih spesifik, istilah telematika dipakai untuk bidang kendaraan dan
lalulintas (road vehicles dan vehicle telematics).
B. Penggunaan
Telematika pada Negara Berkembang “Vanuatu”
While many often desire
to be free of technology on a vacation, tourists and residents alike appreciate
the varied technology found throughout Vanuatu. Though most of the islands are
covered with beautiful rainforests or remain uninhabited, there are the plenty
of technological services and opportunities for those who need it. Whether you
want to share emails or photos of your island adventures to friends and family
back home, or you want to spend an undetermined amount of time in the major
city of Port Vila to live and do business, Internet and phone access are
required for such needs.
For tourists staying at
any number of the hotels and resorts, it is important that you pack the
necessary adapters with you – otherwise, you will not be able to plug in your
laptop or cell phone charger to the electrical outlets. In Vanuatu, the
electrical current is 220V to 240V, 50Hz AC and requires the use of
Australian-style plugs in order to connect to electricity. For tourists coming
to Vanuatu from other parts of the world, especially the United States, it is
important not to use appliances that run on a 100 to 125 volt range in these
types of outlets, or else the appliances will become severely damaged and might
even create a fire danger. Protect your appliances and property by purchasing
the proper plugs or appliance converters prior to visiting Vanuatu.
Cell phone usage has
drastically risen in the past few years, but Vanuatu is still new to the surge
in use and popularity. In 2008, Vanuatu experienced the addition of a
telecommunication company to the islands, creating competition for the first
time in the industry of this type of technology. Telecom Vanuatu Limited offers
mobile, landline and High Speed Internet services to the residents and
businesses found through the islands of Vanuatu.
1. Mobile
services include:
a. International
calling rates
b. Prepaid
and postpaid plans
c. Roaming
service
2. Landline
services include:
a. International
calling rates
b. Telecard
– Allows you to use TVL public phones throughout Vanuatu using the Telecard,
making it easy and convenient for you to make calls whenever you need to.
3. Internet
services include:
a. ADSL
– Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line, which is high-speed Internet accessed
through telephone lines in urban areas. This service prevents the need for
waiting to be connected to the Internet, and allows you to use the Internet and
phone at the same time, which is ideal for businesses or family homes.
b. WIMAX
– Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access, which is a wireless
connection that provides high-speed Internet access. This type of access needs
the use of a tower to transmit signals from the tower to your modem.
c. Dial-Up
– Should WIMAX or ADSL options not be available in the area in which you are
visiting, dial-up is a viable option in order to use the computer or laptop.
The downside to using dial-up is you need to connect to the Internet each time
you want to log on, and telephone use is not available when the line is being
used for the computer.
4. A
competing telecommunication company, Digicel Vanuatu, also provides mobile cell
phone service to the residents of Vanuatu. Services from the company include:
a. Prepaid
and post paid plans and services
b. Top
of the line cell phones, including Blackberry, Samsung and Motorola
c. Roaming
and International rates
To help those in remote
areas, Digicel Vanuatu offers customers the option of a “Kredit Mi – Kredit U”
service, which allows customers to purchase and transfer credit to the mobile
phone with a simple text message. Understanding the needs of the customer,
especially those without transportation or access to stores in order to refill
phone use, allows even those in sparsely populated areas to enjoy the use and
convenience of technology.
These two companies
offer residents and visitors many options when it comes to connecting Vanuatu
with the rest of the world, whether it is for business or staying in touch with
loved ones, and the competition between the two improve all-around customer
service and sales for the island’s residents.
While cell phone
coverage is new and available throughout most of Vanuatu, Internet use and
availability has grown over the years. Internet cafes may be found throughout
Port Vila, especially down the main Lini Highway, and many of the hotels around
Port Vila and the islands offer guests the use of wireless Internet access, or
provide the use of terminals so guests can check personal email or send
messages out to friends and family back home. The use of wireless Internet
through the hotel or resort is the perfect option should you not have an
appropriate adapter for your laptop while on vacation.
Since Vanuatu is still
relatively new to the world of mobile phones and high-speed Internet, there are
many opportunities for telecommunication companies to come to Vanuatu and
enhance services for residents and visitors of the island. Deregulation of the
ISP, or internet service provider space, allows more advances to be made in
terms of technology.
International
businesses will find that the growth in Vanuatu will provide many services and
amenities needed for expansion. Information Technology companies, many of whom
have expanded to neighboring islands in the South Pacific, find Vanuatu to be
on the cusp of expansion within the next few years. Currently, the lack of
competition in the market allows companies to increase revenue while improving
services and amenities for the residents of Vanuatu.
Though many will still
want to travel to the breathtaking islands of Vanuatu to escape a hectic
everyday life, residents and tourists do not have to feel isolated from the
rest of the world. Vanuatu is ripe with opportunities ranging in various
industries, including technology and telecommunications. Its close setting to
Australia offers investors and international companies a prime location to
establish new branches or offices, which in turn enhance the economy of the
country, as well as bring in new business and increase job opportunities for
residents to improve their quality of living.
Referensi :
